Stuart e



(No Model.) S. E. FREEMAN.

SHANK FOR HOLDING ROTARY CUTTING TOOLS OR TOOL HEADS.

No. 503,656. Patnted Aug. 22, 1893.

WITNESSES Z INVENTOR I Show/1 a h s/mam IH 'LQ UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFIcE.

STUART 'E. FREEMAN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO ARTHUR FALKENAU, OF SAME PLACE.

SHANK FOR HOLDING ROTARY CUTTING-TOOLS OR TOOL-HEADS. V

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,656, dated August 22, 1893.

Application filed August 5, 1892 Serial No. 442,222- (No model.)

Too/ll whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, STUART E. FREEMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shanks for Holding Rotary Cutting-Tools or Tool-Heads, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a class of implements consisting of a mandrel or shank, provided or mounted in connection with means to occasion its rotation, to which a series of tool heads difiering in either character or size, are adapted to be at will applied. In the practical employment of implements of this class, and especially when they are operated by power, it has been found difficult to provide a means for uniting the tool head to the mandrel which combines with capacity for expeditious operation the required reliability of attachment.

It is the object of my invention to provide a means for uniting a tool head and mandrel which shall be simple in construction and of few parts, and at the same time shall possess the necessary firmness of attachment under the great strain to whichthe parts are subjected in operation.

In the drawings I show and herein I describe a good form of a convenient embodiment of my invention, the particular subject-matter claimed as novel being hereinafter definitely specified.

The tool-head forming part of the implement which I have elected to illustrate as presenting a good embodiment of my invention, happens to be a cutter head, of a character largely employed in the mechanic arts. It is, however, to be understood that my invention is applicable to tool heads of a character other than that depicted.'

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view in side elevation of the mandrel of my improved implement, the cutter head being supposed removed. Fig. 2 is an end view of the same, sight being taken toward the face. Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation of my improved implement with the cutting head in place thereon, illustrating also the applicaof the cutter head. Fig. 5 is a View in perspective of the taper pin. Fig. 6 is a view in perspective of the drifting pin.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, A indicates the mandrel proper, the rear end a of which is adapted for engagement with any suitable mechanism for rotating it. The free end of the mandrel is conformed to constitute a slight radial enlargement a, dressed OR to form a plane face a perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel, and turned down to form an expansible shank a projecting as an axial continuation of the mandrel from the center of the plane face.

a is a taper bore, conveniently of circular section, axial with respect to said shank, and extending from the free end of the latter through which it opens, to any desired point intermediate of the length of the mandrel where it opens into a transverse diametric channel of opening through the side of the mandrel. In order to render it expansible, the wall of said shank is longitudinally slotted by any desired number of slots, into aseries of sectors adapted to be forced outward.

B is the tool head, shown in the drawing as a cutter head, and being provided with a bore 5 of size corresponding to the normal diameter of the expansible shank, upon which shank it is, in its application, seated. The rear face b of the tool head corresponds to the face a of the mandrel, and said faces are provided with means by which they are locked to secure their conjoint rotation, such means preferably consisting of a stud or studs on the one taking into a recess or recesses formed in the other.

In the drawings I show the mandrel face a as provided with two studs, a disposed on opposite sides of the shank,-projecting from it, and the tool face as embodying two corresponding recesses adapted to receive said studs when the tool is in position upon the shank.

In applying the tool head to the shank it is seated up on 'th e latter and adjusted until the studs take-"into therecesses, whereupon-the respective faces of the mandrel and tool head come into close contact. ,The tool head so mounted upon the shank is retained against longitudinal movement by the expansion of the shank against the wall of its bore, and this I prefer to accomplish by the use of an axial taper pin shown in the drawings and designated therein. Thispin is" of suc-h di ameter and proportions'as to allow of the entrance of its smaller end within the bore of the unexpanded shank, but its advance," as-it is driven in, causes it to bear as to itsbody portion against the sectors of the shank and wed'gcsthem outward against the bore of the tool head; When the pin has been thus driven it is-allowed to remain-in position during the use of the' tool; and by its presence retainsthehead securelyinp'lace' upon the shank. The pin is of such length and thepartsare so pro-:

- portioned that when said pin is driveninto I the limit of its movement its advance end'ex:

tendsacertain distance within the channel a In order then to eject the taper pin G to permit of-the removal of the tool head, a drift-pin- D may he forced into said channel; and i said drift pin, presenting beneathand acting-against the advance end 0f" the taper pin will occasion such ejection of it as will rele-ase-it froinits wedged engagement withthe-shank. Inasmuch, however; as' the shan k sectors, notwithstanding the removal of the" pin, may still retain their; expanded set' to s'uch an-e-Xtent asto require some force to I remove 1 thetool" head; my invention further? comp'rehen-ds the following means by which such force may beconven'iently applied;

E is- 'a -groove-cut-in the mandrel face ctgeab' tending-conveniently from edge'to ed go there of, passingas' nearto its center as is-con si'st ent'wi'thclearing the shank, and of uniform' ly" graduated depth from one end to th 'e oth'ers The driftpinDis adapted to said groove,'ian d tapered to mat-ch its graduated depth; thatis to say-its opposite edgesexist in planes bearing the same relation to each oth er=as do the planes of 5 the face aand the bottom of the-- groove When then it isdesired to remove the cutting head, said drift pin D isdriveni into th e groove" with it's inclined edgefifacing the' bottom-i of-th-e groove, its straight edge existing at first below, but inallpositionszconstantly-in a plane parallel to that-of the, face a; and, as the forward end of the 'driftii pi-n "in' its advance reaches the shallow end ofsi said groove the straight edge of the driftlpin; will rise to and ooi'ncide with the face a, and in the further advance of the drift pi-n 'saidedge; rising evenly: and uniformlyabove the" levelof the face a, will encounter and force the tool head away fromsaid -face, until said tool head is free from studs 0, so that, after: said initial movement, the removal of thetool-i head by h'and'ma'y be easily accomplished;

Havingr'thus" described thy-invention, I -cla.in1-' 1. An implement consisting of a mandrel provided with an expansible shank and embodying a bore, ataper pin adapted to be en- 'tered'within' the bore of' the shank, a." trans- ;verse channel in-communication with said bore, and a pin adapted to be entered in said channel, substantially as set forth. i 2'.-An implement consisting of a mandrel provided with an expansible shank and em bodying a bore, a tapering pin adapted to be ;entered' within-said boreya transverse channel in communication with said bore and in line with'th e'point of the pin when driven home, substantially as set forth. v

3. As an article ofimanufacthre;a mandrel provided with an 'exp'ansihler shank, andpro- 'vid'ed with a projecting stud, a tool lread'em- "bodying'a bore of such size. as to receiverthe unexpandedshank and embodfing. a recess adaptedto A receive thestud; and'zmeanssfor" expanding the shank, substantially as set forth.

4 In 1 combination: with a: tool head Y pro- {vided with a b'ore; a mandreliprovided with" an expansible 1 shank adapted: tocbefrentered linsaid boreg means-for expan-dingsaid shank,

Esaid head and mandrel each: h avingzavface perpendicular to the' axisz'offthe; saidrshankwhich faces are in close contact when: th'eitoo li ian dfa" pin: having one straight and i one in-'- clined edge adapted'lt'o' be'ren'tered in:said= groove to occasion the v partial sepa'ration of the tool head fromthe mandreLsub'stantially lairset for'th.

5:"An implement consisting-10f: awman drel having-Ian exp'ansible s liankiand a: plane .facer perpendicular tl1 e=reto',:a*- tool 1 head having: a bore adapted toreceive-Lthesaid shank: and a face corresponding toi the race of i them-am :drel, which faces are in closetco'ntact when the tool head is in position:.uponrv the a mandrel-,l means fori expanding the shank; meansfor 'preventingtthe; rotation of: the toolihead r i with respect to the mandrel said: meansconsisting of a projectionon oneiof 'said'idevices taking :intoia T0065SlIR tllBIOlZlIGV; and awgroove formed in one of theisaid faces, substantially: ias set forth.

, V 6'. An implemen-ti consistingtof a mandrel having ..an expansible Jshanki,,,and embodying a-borethie :inner end ofiwhich opensrinto. a transverse channel; a tool head' 'havinga =b'ore" adapted to receivethe: saidishank, said toolhead and ma'ndre'l having 1" corresponding .opposing faces: WhlGhLfiJfG! brought: into close proximity to each other whenthertoolheadisin position uponfth'e mandrel, one of l'the'said ifa'ces: being provided with projections'and thfe otheriwith corresponding: recesses; a pin adapted to belentered intheiloore' ofrthe shank toioccasion the expansion of sa'idtshanlr said In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereunto signed my name 10 this 2d day of August, 1892.

STUART E. FREEMAN.

In presence of ARTHUR FALKENAU, HUGO L. HUND. 

